Новости за 13.01.2022

Twisted nanoscale semiconductors manipulate light in a new way, researchers at the University of Bath and the University of Michigan have shown. The effect could be harnessed to accelerate the discovery and development of life-saving medicines as well as photonic technologies.

A punishing mix of heat and humidity that makes outdoor labor difficult and dangerous is causing around 677 billion lost working hours a year around the world, according to a new study Thursday that warns climate change is making it worse.

New research offers an alternative perspective on adaptation to climate threats in Southeast Asia.

In recent years, attention to diversity of images in visual media—TV, movies, stock photos, children's books and more—has increased. But according to a new Indiana University study, at least one area still seriously lacks representation of Black and Brown people: Sex education.

A new review published in the International Journal of Plant Sciences combines disparate studies to synthesize the past, current, and potential future uses of plant specimens as functional trait data sources.

A new paper published in the Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists provides empirical evidence that risk aversion plays an important role in the coal contracting behavior of US power plants.

Nature keeps a few secrets. While plenty of structures with low symmetry are found in nature, scientists have been confined to high-symmetry designs when synthesizing colloidal crystals, a valuable type of nanomaterial used for chemical and biological sensing and optoelectronic devices.

A team of biologists from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) in Japan and Western Philippines University (WPU) in the Philippines have found two new species of goby fish in Palawan, a Philippine archipelago. The goby fish, both belonging to the genus Rhinogobius, were described recently in the journal Zootaxa.

Rivers need water—a fact that may seem ridiculously obvious, but in times of increasing water development, drought, and climate change, the quantity of natural streamflow that remains in river channels is coming into question, especially in the Colorado River basin. Newly published research poses a tough question in these days of falling reservoir levels and high-stakes urban development: Whether the continued development of rivers for water supply can be balanced with fish conservation.

Organic molecules found in a meteorite that hurtled to Earth from Mars were synthesized during interactions between water and rocks that occurred on the Red Planet about 4 billion years ago, according to new analysis led by Carnegie's Andrew Steele and published by Science.

Electrons flowing through power lines and computers inevitably encounter resistance; when they do, they lose some of their energy, which dissipates as heat. That's why laptops get hot after being used for too long and why the server farms that power the cloud require so much air conditioning to keep the machines from overheating. Likewise, any particles carrying energy tend to lose that energy when they flow in a typical environment. There are a few exceptions, which usually occur at very low temperatures... Читать дальше...

Less than 80 years ago, regent honeyeaters ruled Australia's flowering gum forests, with huge raucous flocks roaming from Adelaide to Rockhampton.

MIT physicists and colleagues have discovered the "secret sauce" behind some of the exotic properties of a new quantum material that has transfixed physicists due to those properties, which include superconductivity. Although theorists had predicted the reason for the unusual properties of the material, known as a kagome metal, this is the first time that the phenomenon behind those properties has been observed in the laboratory.

While people often talk about "rural America" as if it describes just one way of living, a new study identified five different types of rural communities in Ohio.

Urbanization is a notable threat to bat populations all over the world, especially through artificial light and the reduction of habitat and food supply. If certain conditions are met, some spaces within metropolitan areas can be suitable for bats, so managing these spaces appropriately could contribute to bat conservation. With the help of more than 200 citizen scientists in Berlin, a team of scientists from the Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (Leibniz-IZW) examined these conditions... Читать дальше...

The discovery of the Higgs boson was a landmark in the history of physics. It explained something fundamental: how elementary particles that have mass get their masses. But it also marked something no less fundamental: the beginning of an era of measuring in detail the particle's properties and finding out what they might reveal about the nature of the universe.

The fastest rate of inflation in 40 years is hurting families across the U.S. who are seeing ever-higher prices for everything from meat and potatoes to housing and gasoline.

Indium gallium nitride (InGaN)-based, blue-light-emitting diodes are the backbone of solid-state lighting (SSL). Unfortunately, their efficiency peaks under low current densities (

While the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is well known for smashing protons together, it is actually the quarks and gluons inside the protons—collectively known as partons—that are really interacting. Thus, in order to predict the rate of a process occurring in the LHC—such as the production of a Higgs boson or a yet-unknown particle—physicists have to understand how partons behave within the proton. This behavior is described in parton distribution functions (PDFs), which describe what fraction... Читать дальше...

A study led by Dr. Zhang Jujia from Yunnan Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences interprets the major observational features of luminous Type Ia supernovae through the over-abundance of nickel in outer ejecta.

New research from The Australian National University (ANU) shows that unless conservation actions are urgently stepped up, one of our most beautiful songbirds, the regent honeyeater, will be extinct within 20 years.

Farmlands are turning more saline due to climate change, rising sea levels, expanding drylands and groundwater depletion. This crisis is exacerbated by unsustainable farming practices. The resulting loss in crop yield threatens malnourished populations across the globe. Therefore, scientists are finding ways to boost crop resilience to salt stress to safeguard food security on this planet.

Prisoners who are incarcerated in buildings located in green areas are less likely to engage in self-harming or violent behaviors, new research shows.

Plants encounter microbes all the time, in the air, water, and soil. Some cause disease, others are neutral, but a few microbes promote plant health and growth. Beneficial bacteria, called rhizobia, form an intimate interaction with legumes, inducing the formation of symbiotic root nodules in which bacteria fix nitrogen and provide the plant with an internal source of fertilizer. As a result of this ready supply of nitrogen, legumes, such as peanuts, are valued for their protein-rich seeds and are... Читать дальше...

Making important raw materials for fine chemicals out of carbon dioxide really works. As part of the Max Planck collaborative project eBioCO2n, a team of researchers from Fraunhofer IGB have successfully performed a first ever fixation of CO2 via a multi-enzyme enzyme reaction driven by electricity yielding a prospective intermediate for the chemical industry. The process for electro-biocatalytic CO2 fixation was recently published and is considered a "hot paper."