Новости за 28.03.2024

For decades, the pursuit of quantum computing has struggled with the need for extremely low temperatures, mere fractions of a degree above absolute zero (0 Kelvin or –273.15°C). That's because the quantum phenomena that grant quantum computers their unique computational abilities can only be harnessed by isolating them from the warmth of the familiar classical world we inhabit.

Are schools that feature strong test scores highly effective, or do they mostly enroll students who are already well-prepared for success? A study co-authored by MIT scholars concludes that widely disseminated school quality ratings reflect the preparation and family background of their students as much or more than a school's contribution to learning gains.

Firms with exclusive brokerage positions in their collaboration networks outshine their counterparts by an average margin of more than 7% in crisis conditions, according to recent research conducted at ESMT Berlin. The competitive advantage of exclusive brokers stems from their capacity to adapt quickly, and on their own terms, when crisis erupts—unlike their peers trapped in more tightly-knit, constraining networks.

The subversive nature of skateboarding is not likely to be affected by its continuing place in the corporate world of the Olympics, experts have predicted.

Tohoku University researchers have created a reliable means of predicting the performance of a new and promising type of catalyst. Their breakthrough will speed up the development of efficient catalysts for both alkaline and acidic environments, thereby saving time and effort in future endeavors to create better fuel cells.

A case study on the effects of open waste burning on air quality in Northwestern Greenland calls attention to the importance of no-one-left-behind sustainable air quality monitoring in the Arctic region.

Meta's Instagram and Threads apps are "slowly" rolling out a change that will no longer recommend political content by default. The company defines political content broadly as being "potentially related to things like laws, elections, or social topics."

In mammals, social behavior and social status can substantially influence the survival, reproductive performance, and health of individuals. However, it is not yet fully understood how the translation of social and environmental factors into the physiology of an organism is reflected in molecular processes.

Hawaiʻi is not the only Pacific island where wildfire is a concern. Using fire histories, vegetation and soil maps, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa wildfire expert Clay Trauernicht led new research that examined the relationships between historical human land use, climate, and fire occurrence across nine Micronesian islands spanning close to 2,000 miles over the Pacific Ocean. The geographic and ecological breadth of the research points to the use of controlled burning by the inhabitants to shape island vegetation.

Researchers from Kyushu University have developed a hydrogen energy carrier to address some of the biggest hurdles in the path toward a sustainable hydrogen economy. As explained in a paper published in JACS Au, this novel compound can efficiently "store electrons" from hydrogen in a solid state to use in chemical reactions later.

Digital literacy experts are advocating for the need to change the way we engage with and teach Artificial Intelligence (AI), setting students up for success in the future.

At the end of each semester in his traffic engineering class, Northeastern University professor Peter Furth gives a lecture about transportation of the future.

A study of economic indicators in the wine industry across the European Union has shown significant variation between member states. Many of these are influenced by factors such as vineyard size and specialization.

In some parts of Australia, coastal dunes are retreating from the ocean at an alarming rate, as waves carve up the beach and wind blows the sand inland. But coastal communities are largely oblivious to the changes.

Things are moving quickly, and they need to. On March 13, the Government of British Columbia announced that it would be harvesting 25 deer in the Kootenays. This announcement came six weeks after chronic wasting disease (CWD)—a 100% fatal disease of cervids (deer, elk, moose, caribou)—was first detected in the province.

Earlier this month, the New South Wales government announced it would roll out programs for gifted students in every public school in the state.

A total solar eclipse takes place on April 8 across North America. These events occur when the moon passes between the sun and Earth, completely blocking the sun's face. This plunges observers into a darkness similar to dawn or dusk.

A new study provides insights into how a family of immune proteins in plants confers disease resistance. The study builds on previous research by the same research group, which highlighted the structural similarities of this protein family between plant and animal immune systems.

Computer-based methods are becoming an increasingly powerful tool in the search for new materials for key technologies such as photovoltaics, batteries, and data transmission. Prof. Dr. Caterina Cocchi and Holger-Dietrich Saßnick from the University of Oldenburg in Germany have now developed a high-throughput automatized method to calculate the surface properties of crystalline materials starting directly at the level of established laws of physics (first principles).

Irrigation for agriculture uses more than half of the Colorado River's total annual water flow, reports a paper published in Communications Earth & Environment. This finding is part of a new comprehensive assessment of how the Colorado River's water is consumed—including both human usage and natural losses—and provides a more complete understanding of how the river's water is used along its over 2,300 km (almost 1,500-mile) length.

The lyrics of English-language songs have become simpler and more repetitive over the past 40 years, according to a study published in Scientific Reports.

Massive cost overruns. Key deadlines slipping out of reach. Problems of unprecedented complexity, and a generation's worth of scientific progress contingent upon solving them.

The interaction between the oceans and the atmosphere plays a vital role in shaping the Earth's climate. Changing sea surface temperatures can heat or cool the atmosphere, and changes in the atmosphere can do the same to the ocean surface. This exchange in energy is known as "ocean-atmosphere coupling."

In a recent development in geology published in Science Bulletin, an international research team, including scientists from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the University of Texas at Austin, the University of Missouri, and Guilin University of Technology, has provided crucial insights into the dynamics of the India-Eurasia collision and the Himalayan orogeny.

Rising temperatures and disease outbreaks are decimating coral reefs throughout the tropics. Evidence suggests that higher latitude marine environments may provide crucial refuges for many at-risk, temperature-sensitive coral species. However, how coral populations expand into new areas and sustain themselves over time is constrained by the limited scope of modern observations.