Новости за 12.07.2022

Gender-neutral internet searches yield results that nonetheless produce male-dominated output, finds a new study by a team of psychology researchers. Moreover, these search results have an effect on users by promoting gender bias and potentially influencing hiring decisions.

Purdue University and the U.S. Forest Service on Tuesday (July 12) announced the new and improved Alien Forest Pest Explorer interactive web tool.

With its sharp claws, scaly skin and venomous bite, Guatemala's "Sleeping Child" lizard has earned itself few human friends.

Astronomers at the University of Toronto have spotted some of the most elusive stuff in our universe by taking a deep look at the cosmic web, the network of filaments and knots that trace the large-scale distribution of galaxies.

Members of the Network Contagion Lab at Rutgers University-New Brunswick (NC Lab) have found evidence of a sharp rise and evolving patterns of hate speech directed toward the Hindu community across numerous social media platforms, according to a new report.

People with neurodevelopmental disabilities, including autism, usually want to have romantic relationships, but are often not given the tools to create them in a meaningful, safe way. This is particularly true for those with intellectual disabilities. Studies show this puts these groups at high risk for sexual abuse. An education tool called Relationships Decoded, tested in partnership with the UC Davis MIND Institute, shows promise in helping to create healthy, romantic relationships.

As any gardener or farmer can tell you, nitrogen and phosphorus are chemical elements found in soils and fertilizers that plants need to grow. They also know different ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus are ideal or detrimental for different types of plants and crops.

Behavioral economics is a field that seeks to understand how people make decisions about things they want and need. The field relies on a collection of theories—models—that predict how people will make choices in a variety of situations. A well-known example of an economics model is supply and demand, which predicts how much a good will cost depending on how much of it people are willing to buy and sell at different prices.

A Johns Hopkins University researcher can continue medical experiments on barn owls after a lengthy battle with the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals over animal cruelty and permit complaints.

Without realizing they were starting a movement in green energy policy, leaders of a small Sonoma Valley city seem to have done just that when they questioned the approval process for a new gas station—eventually halting its development and others in the future.

The recent dramatic events that led to the resignation of UK prime minister, Boris Johnson, on July 7 2022 raise the issue of how politics—and economic policy uncertainty more specifically—affects the UK economy. The answer, of course, is that it does, and sometimes for as much as two years.

Purple sea urchins are munching their way through California's kelp forests at a speed and scale that have stunned scientists, fishermen and divers alike. But the kelp forests have long been home to red and purple urchins, so it's clear the three species can get along. Researchers at UC Santa Barbara sought to determine what factors disrupt this harmony.

University of Central Florida researchers are part of a team that has found that there's no one-size-fits all approach to digital reading and that adjusting font style and size can increase reading speed while maintaining comprehension. Think of it as prescription glasses for a digital world.

The capacity of soil to hold water will be critical to determine how well farms in some regions of the United States manage the problem of prolonged heat stress due to climate change, a new study suggests. The journal Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems published the finding, based on analyses of 30 years of data on four major U.S. crops—corn, soybeans, cotton and wheat.

Using details from historical newspaper accounts and letters, seismologists have learned more about Haiti's 1860 Jour de Pâques (Easter Sunday) earthquake sequence, and how it might have impacted the country's most recent devastating earthquakes.

The smaller plastic particles are, the more easily they can be taken up by cells. In addition, the shape, surface and chemical properties play an important role in answering the question of how the particles could affect human tissue. This conclusion is the result of a study by researchers at the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), published in the journal Microplastics and Nanoplastics.

A "normal" version of life is returning in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic that includes travel and vacations. New research in Manufacturing & Service Operations Management predicts demand for multiple types of hotel rooms based on guest characteristics, travel attributes and room features. This methodology delivers insights on segmentation, classifying each guest into segments (or a mixture of segments) based on their characteristics.

Proteins often consist of hundreds or thousands of individual parts—the amino acids. These are connected like the links of a chain. However, protein molecules would not be able to fulfill their task as a long filament flapping back and forth. Each of them is therefore folded in its own, very specific way during its creation. For proteins that are released from the cell to the outside or transported to intracellular stores, this folding takes place at a specific location in the cell: the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Читать дальше...

Microbial communities naturally living on the leaves and stems of tomato plants can be manipulated to suppress diseases that reduce productivity, according to Penn State researchers, offering hope that growers someday can apply these mixtures of bacteria and fungi to protect plants and improve harvests.

A study presents the theory that egg-sperm fusion, a crucial feature of sexual reproduction in plants and animals, may have originated from an ancient form of genetic exchange that involved the fusion of bacteria-like microorganisms called archaea. The results, published in Nature Communications, may open an entirely new perspective on the evolution of sex.

Fossils discovered in Scotland represent some of the world's oldest salamanders, according to a new study led by UCL researchers.

Senckenberg researchers Serena Abel and Angelika Brandt, together with colleagues from the Alfred Wegener Institute—Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) and Goethe University in Frankfurt, have investigated microplastic pollution in the Western Pacific Kuril-Kamchatka Trench. They found between 215 and 1,596 microparticles per kilogram in each of a total of 13 sediment samples from depths of up to 9,450 meters—more than previously detected. Their study, recently published in the journal Science of The Total Environment... Читать дальше...

How has gun background check data—an accepted proxy of firearm sales—trended during the past 20 years?

In watching the reaction of advocates and experts to the Supreme Court's decision in EPA v. West Virginia, I was struck by their dismay that the EPA would no longer be able to implement rapid sweeping change in the nation's energy system. I have a little news for these experts: the EPA was never going to be able to quickly decarbonize the economy. It was always going to be a slow and gradual process. In Lisa Friedman's New York Times piece last week about the EPA's new approach to greenhouse regulation... Читать дальше...

Skipping meals, neglecting their health, and constant stress—this is the lived reality of sole-parents struggling to feed their family, a University of Otago study has found.