Новости за 20.07.2022

Gemini South, one of the world's most productive and powerful optical-infrared telescopes, has received a major capability boost with the successful installation of a new high-resolution spectrograph called GHOST constructed by an international consortium. This cutting-edge scientific instrument will expand our understanding of the earliest stars, the chemical fingerprints of distant planetary systems, and the formation and evolution of galaxies. Gemini South in Chile is one half of the International Gemini Observatory... Читать дальше...

Early detection of prostate cancer, one of the most common types of cancer in men, is often achieved with PSA tests. However, this blood test for prostate-specific antigens gives many false positive results, causing unnecessary biopsies and overtreatment. In the journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition, a Chinese research team now introduces a highly specific, non-invasive alternative to biopsy: the "thermophoretic AND gate operation" assay, abbreviated as Tango, quickly and reliably detects prostate cancer directly in blood samples.

Family ownership of businesses has a positive effect on corporate environmental performance, particularly if the business bears the family name, according to new research from the University of Surrey.

A team of Russian researchers affiliated with the HSE University, RANEPA, and NES has found professional athletes to perform better against their former clubs. At least in some circumstances, emotions seem to have a greater effect on their performance than knowledge of the opponent's tactics. The study's findings are published in the Journal of Behavioural and Experimental Economics and may be useful for coaches, sports managers, and bookmakers.

Does the astonishing biodiversity in the Philippines result in part from rising and falling seas during the ice ages?

Social psychologists at UCLA have done what seems impossible, at least on the internet: getting liberals and conservatives to have meaningful and congenial political discussions.

Scientists have developed an artificial protein that could offer new insights into chemical evolution on early Earth.

A new study compares and assesses eight de novo genome assembly software tools on actual viral next-generation sequencing data. The study, which includes the whole genome sequence data of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is published in OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology.

Using data collected over two decades ago, scientists from the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, have compiled the first complete map of hydrogen abundances on the Moon's surface. The map identifies two types of lunar materials containing enhanced hydrogen and corroborates previous ideas about lunar hydrogen and water, including findings that water likely played a role in the Moon's original magma-ocean formation and solidification.

Our understanding of the universe may not be expanding as much as the universe itself. In some cases, our theories about cosmic inflation may feel as if they are deflating into a black hole.

Recently, research by Dr. Liao Wenling (State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Peking University) was published in Science China Earth Sciences. By improving the estimation method of ammonia emission inventory and the consideration of ammonia emission sources, a comprehensive county-level ammonia emission inventory with high spatial and temporal resolution in China was compiled, and the sources as well as the temporal and... Читать дальше...

Genetic mutations could be predicted before they occur using a new law of physics, according to a study from the University of Portsmouth.

Australia's major banking and fintech sectors were buoyed by early government macroeconomic responses to the challenges posed by COVID-19, new research shows.

Cancers in humans have all sorts of ways to survive and thrive: Cells and tumors alike engage in devious means to deflect, deceive, and evade detection by our bodies' immune systems.

What policies should be the ideal COVID-19 strategy to control outbreaks without closing borders and compromising the tourism economy? The search for answers led researchers to one crucial protocol.

US President Joe Biden will announce Wednesday a series of executive measures to combat climate change, in an effort to push forward an environmental agenda stalled by an unsupportive Congress and a conservative Supreme Court.

Spain's prime minister said "more than 500 people died" during a 10-day heatwave as Europe counts the cost of a record period of extreme temperatures.

Scientists have designed a new material system to overcome one of the biggest challenges in recycling consumer products: mixed-plastic recycling. Their achievement will help enable a much broader range of fully recyclable plastic products and brings into reach to an efficient circular economy for durable goods like automobiles.

The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), the first market-based emissions reduction program in the U.S. energy sector, was established in 2009. A new study published today in PLOS One titled "Environmental justice and power plant emissions in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative states" is the first empirical assessment of disparities in pollutants from electricity generation within environmental justice communities in RGGI states.

Paramyxoviruses have the potential to trigger a devastating pandemic. This family of viruses includes measles, Nipah virus, mumps, Newcastle disease and canine distemper.

A new analysis contradicts popular thinking about beliefs in conspiracy theories, suggesting that such beliefs may not have actually increased over time. Joseph Uscinski of the University of Miami, Florida, and colleagues present these findings in the open-access journal PLoS ONE on July 20, 2022.

Crystalline lithium niobate (LN) is considered the "silicon of photonics" because of its outstanding optical properties, including a broad transparency window and high piezoelectric, acousto-optic, second-order nonlinear, and electro-optic coefficients, which are critical for photonic integrated circuit (PIC) applications. Recent breakthroughs in nanofabrication technology facilitate a variety of high-performance integrated photonic devices on thin-film LN, such as ultrafast electro-optic modulators... Читать дальше...

The first lab study on garden eels shows how these shy creatures use their burrows, and change their movement and posture, when feeding in strong currents.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MS imaging) provides highly precise information on the spatial distribution of substances in many areas. Researchers at the University of Bayreuth now present exemplary new applications in food analysis in the journal Food Chemistry. For the first time, they have succeeded in making visible an additive in dairy products and a production-related contamination in baked goods. Special ingredients that influence food quality can be detected in fruit, vegetables and meat products. Читать дальше...

Every spring, migratory birds arrive in the continental United States from south and central America to breed. But precisely when they arrive each spring varies from year to year. In a NASA-led study published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, scientists have linked this variability to large-scale climate patterns originating thousands of miles away.