Новости за 14.11.2022

Researchers from The Ohio State University are using dust trapped in glacier ice in Tibet to document past changes in Earth's intricate climate system—and maybe one day help predict future changes.

For the fourth straight year, juvenile rockfish numbers in Maryland waters were well below the historical average, according to a survey conducted by the state Department of Natural Resources.

A bogeyman to many environmentalists, dams could actually play a significant role in feeding the world more sustainably, according to new Stanford University research. The study, published the week of Nov. 14 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, quantifies for the first time how much water storage would be required to maximize crop irrigation without depleting water stocks or encroaching on nature, and how many people this approach could feed.

Researchers have observed a wild chimpanzee showing an object to its mother simply for sharing's sake—social behavior previously thought to be unique to humans.

Too much background noise is usually guaranteed to disrupt work. But physicists have developed a micro-scale engine–made from a glass bead–that can not only withstand the distracting influence of noise, but can harness it to run efficiently. Their experiment is reported in the journal Physical Review Letters and was selected by the journal as a research highlight.

A study of microplastic pollution in Monterey Bay has found widespread occurrence of microplastics in the seawater and in the digestive tracts of anchovies and common murres, diving seabirds that feed on anchovies.

The growth rate of seafood farming worldwide peaked in 1996 according to new UBC research, highlighting the importance of rebuilding wild fish stocks to feed future demand.

A new study conducted by Dr. Yossi Maaravi, dean of Reichman University's Adelson School of Entrepreneurship, and developmental psychologist Sandra Segal, former director of Dr. Maaravi's research lab, examined the psychological and financial consequences of high (but not extreme) demands in salary negotiations.

Corals bred in public aquaria provide novel research opportunities and a healthy stock for outplanting into the wild, essential components of a thriving future for coral reef ecosystems, which support around 25% of all life in Earth's oceans. But the long-term success of such efforts hinges in part on maintaining genetic diversity in aquarium-bred corals which leads to increased resilience to threats like ocean warming and acidification.

Sugar-free gummies are delicious, low on calories and … technically laxatives?

The effect of the Antarctic climate change on the changes in the sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean has been identified.

Solar Orbiter has spotted a "tube" of cooler atmospheric gases snaking its way through the sun's magnetic field. The observation provides an intriguing new addition to the zoo of features revealed by the ESA-led Solar Orbiter mission, especially since the snake was a precursor to a much larger eruption.

I love a good space launch, and I have been eagerly awaiting NASA's powerful new Space Launch System rocket to take off as the first part of NASA's ambitious Artemis Mission to put U.S. astronauts back on the Moon. But this launch has already been pushed back four times this year—twice due to technical issues and once apiece for a tropical storm and a hurricane.

In mid-November 2022 the eight billionth person will be born, according to the United Nations. In its analysis of this milestone, the UN makes two key observations. The first is that the global population has been expanding at its slowest rate since 1950. The growth rate dropped below 1% in 2020, a trend that is likely to continue.

Mangrove forests are a common sight in some tropical and sub-tropical areas of the world like Indonesia, Florida in the US, parts of Brazil and Australia. They can also be found on African coasts, including South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape provinces.

In 2019, alpinism was recognized by UNESCO as an intangible heritage of humanity and "shared culture made up of knowledge of the high-mountain environment, the history of the practice and associated values, and specific skills." However, alpinism is inextricably linked to mountains—places of extraordinary interest that need to be defended even more. The Alpine landscape protection initiatives address issues of territorial planning, sustainable development, tourism, agriculture, and energy, but it... Читать дальше...

Celebrating and sharing the lived history of Afro-Ecuadorian women, passed down through generations via the spoken word, is the objective of a collaborative research project led by Northumbria University and Universidad San Francisco de Quito in Ecuador, alongside partners from the Mujeres de Asfalto collective, a Black feminist creative arts organization.

If you're a gardener, you know that planting seeds in the ground doesn't always mean you'll have a good yield at the end of growing season. On a personal level, this can be disappointing. Farmers are in charge of growing dozens to thousands of acres of food. And, they face the same variability in the planting, growing, and harvesting processes as gardeners do.

An international team led by CU Boulder researchers has cracked the chemical code driving the formation of iodine particles in the atmosphere, revealing how the element contributes to increased cloud cover and depletes molecules in the Earth's protective ozone layer.

The world's largest asset management companies have come out swinging on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing, with heavy hitters like BlackRock, Vanguard, and State Street declaring their intention to use their proxy-voting power to press for everything from boardroom diversity to net-zero carbon emissions.

Academics from the Griffith Asia Institute (GAI) collaborated with researchers from the Indo-Pacific to examine the risks related to economic hardship and food insecurity that women in the region experienced during the first and second years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase (ERK) plays an important role in multiple cell signaling processes, by catalyzing the phosphorylation of a variety of substrates. The enzyme itself is activated by phosphorylation at two different sites by a second enzyme called mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK).

Public opinion is shifting to wanting a more proactive approach to animal welfare rather than a reactive approach to animal cruelty.

Researchers around the globe agree: the Earth is getting warmer and warmer, extreme weather such as heat waves and long droughts increase the risk of wildfires. The group Wildfires in the Anthropocene at the Pufendorf Institute connects researchers from across Lund University who study fires from different perspectives: climate change, health, environmental security, fire safety and biodiversity.

U.S. president Joe Biden has announced new oil and gas industry regulations, which his administration claims will plunge emissions of the greenhouse gas methane 87% below 2005 levels. This is part of an update to the Global Methane Pledge, a U.S.-EU initiative announced at COP26, last year's UN climate summit in Glasgow.