Новости за 12.12.2022

A new study led by Dr. Asaf Tzachor, in collaboration with an international team of scientists, analyzed a state-of-the-art biotechnology system that cultivates Spirulina.

The Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is composed of complex and diverse topographic features, as well as many significant differences in water, heat, and momentum flux exchange under different underlying surfaces. Alpine, or high elevation wetlands are a common type of underlying surface on the QTP.

Landfalling typhoons can cause widespread damage, so accurately forecasting them is crucial. More specifically, the errors associated with a typhoon's landfall position are often more important than those related to the timing of landfall.

A research project undertaken by the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and the Institute of Geoscience (IGEO, CSIC-UCM) identified various marine worms from the Paleozoic era (Ordovician period) 455 million years ago at the Tafilalt Biota site in Morocco. They correspond to the new genus and species Anguiscolex africanus, and the new species Wronascolex superstes.

Acoustic communication has played a key role in the evolution of animals—especially vertebrates and insects—ranging from mating to warning calls and even social learning. The reconstruction of ancient acoustic signals is challenging, however, due to the extreme rarity of fossilized organs.

Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena, together with their colleagues at the Universities of Stockholm and Tokyo, report in a new study in PNAS that larvae of the cabbage white butterfly use two gut enzymes to effectively disarm the mustard oil bomb, the major chemical defense system of their host plants.

Without clocks or modern tools, ancient Mexicans watched the sun to maintain a farming calendar that precisely tracked seasons and even adjusted for leap years.

The animation shows the full launch sequence for the first Meteosat Third Generation Imager (MTG-I1) satellite. MTG-I1 launches on an Ariane 5 rocket from Europe's Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.

Degrowth policies would be effective in fighting against climate breakdown and biodiversity loss and would secure human needs and well-being. Recent reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Intergovernmental Science Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) suggest that this approach should be considered, but a just transition to a post-growth economic model poses several challenges.

Researchers have developed and demonstrated a robot capable of sorting, manipulating, and identifying microscopic marine fossils. The new technology automates a tedious process that plays a key role in advancing our understanding of the world's oceans and climate—both today and in the prehistoric past.

One of the major hindrances to the functioning of local governments is the lack of sufficient funds. Therefore, fiscal efficiency is the foremost factor that determines the productivity of a local government.

Racism in Aotearoa New Zealand has been increasingly under the spotlight in recent years. The 2019 Christchurch mosque attacks amplified conversations about racial equality that continued in the wake of the Black Lives Matter protests.

A high proportion of early-career researchers in the field of archaeology are concerned about the lack of career development opportunities available and believe their chances of finding long-term employment in their chosen discipline are low.

Global research coalition Climate Action Tracker (CAT) categorizes Indonesia's climate goals as "Critically Insufficient," which means they are far from enough to curb global warming.

Investigators have identified a novel role for an intracellular trafficking pathway in regulating epidermal developmental processes, which could serve as a future therapeutic target for inflammatory skin diseases, according to a Northwestern Medicine study published in Developmental Cell.

Restoring tidal flow to enclosed freshwater wetlands is key to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and helping reach Australia's carbon reduction targets a Griffith-led study found. Published in Restoration Ecology, the study compared the greenhouse gas emitted by impounded freshwater coastal wetlands with those from tidally connected mangrove and saltmarshes in the Queensland's Burdekin catchment.

More action is urgently needed to safeguard the world's precious mountain ecosystems, according to a University of York researcher whose policy brief is being presented at this month's United Nations Biodiversity Conference ("COP15") in Montreal, Canada.

The "blue marble" was one of the most iconic pictures of the Apollo era. Taken by the astronauts of Apollo 17 on their return trip from the moon, the first fully illuminated image of the Earth taken by a person captured how the world looked on December 7th, 1972, just over 50 years ago. Now, a team from the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology has recreated that iconic image using a climate model.

Can we build an enormous umbrella to dim the sun? Such a feat would be a megaproject on a scale like no other. It would take at least 400 dedicated rocket launches a year, for ten years (There have been 172 rocket launches by all nations so far in 2022). The project would weigh in at 550,000 tons: at its lightest. And it would be an ecological experiment that puts us all—the entire planet—in the petri dish, with high risk and high reward. But could such a project actually reverse climate change and... Читать дальше...

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and other automated decision-making tools in recruitment is on the rise among Australian organizations. However, research shows these tools may be unreliable and discriminatory, and in some cases rely on discredited science.

Vast tracts of countryside transformed into barren wasteland, decimated crops and animal herds and children dying of starvation.

More than a dozen dead or dying bald eagles were found near a landfill in Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota, suspected victims of poisoning by eating carcasses of animals that were chemically euthanized and dumped at the landfill, according to wildlife officials.

Over thousands of years of firm friendship between humans and dogs, we have successfully created about 350 different breeds. We've relied on terriers for hunting, sheepdogs for herding, and all for companionship—but how much are dog personalities defined by their breed?

In the fight against climate change, the lever every policymaker has been focusing on has been the reduction in (net) emissions. Curbing the rate at which greenhouse gases are pumped into the atmosphere clearly remains a priority. Yet every serious scientific analysis—in particular the latest IPCC report—agrees that a substantial amount of CO2 must be removed from the atmosphere via negative-emission technologies if we want to have a reasonable chance of limiting the temperature increase by the end... Читать дальше...

Commentators increasingly warn that the world is tightly bound in a "polycrisis," a tangled knot of crises spanning global systems. But if we have any hope of escaping it, we must think more carefully about what polycrisis really means.